Effects of Behavioral Skills Training on Teachers’ Implementation of Power Card Strategy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.2022.25.4.5Keywords:
autism, behavioral skills training, power card strategy, teacher trainingAbstract
Behavioral Skills Training (BST) is an effective, well-designed package to train educators of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, BST was used to train three teachers on how to accurately implement the Power Card Strategy (PCS). Multiple probe design with probe conditions across participants was used for assessing effects of using BST to train teachers on PCS. Data indicated that all three teachers showed significant improvement in PCS practice. The mean score was 14% for all three teachers during the baseline session. After training, they achieved 100% accuracy in three consecutive sessions. Those results were maintained three weeks later. Social validity data also showed that BST was effective and acceptable.
Downloads
References
- Alberto, P. A., & Troutman, A. C. (2009). Applied behavior analysis for teachers (9th ed.). Pearson.
- American Psychiatric Association [APA], (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Author.
- Angell, M. E., Nicholson, J. K., Watts, E. H., & Blum, C. (2011). Using multicomponent adapted power card strategy to decrease latency during interactivity transitions for three children with developmental disabilities. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 26(4), 206-217. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098300714548799
- Campbell, A., & Tincani, M. (2011). The Power Card Strategy: Strength-based intervention to increase direction following of children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 13(4) 240-249. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098300711400608
- Clayton, M., & Headley, A. (2018). The use of behavioral skills training to improve staff performance of discrete trial training. Behavioral Interventions, 34, 136-143. https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.1656
- Daubert, A., Hornstein, S., & Tincani, M. (2015). Effects of a modified power card strategy on turn taking and social commenting of children with autism spectrum disorder playing board games. Journal of Physical Disabilities, 27, 93-110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10882-014-9403-3
- Davis, K. M., Boon, R. T., Cihak, D. F., & Fore III, C. (2010). Power Cards to improve conversation skills in adolescents with Asperger Syndrome. Focus on Autism and Developmental Disorders, 25, 12-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1088357609354299 https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1177/1088357609354299
- Elisa, G. (2001). Power cards: Using special interest to motivate children and youth with Asperger Syndrome and autism. Autism Asperger Publishing Co.
- Diken, I. H., Ardıç, A., Diken, Ö., & Gilliam, E. J. (2012). Exploring the validity and reliability of Turkish version of Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-2: Turkish standardization study. Education and Science, 37(1), 318- 328. https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.165610.15390/EB.2019.8222
- Fetherston, M. A., & Sturmey, P. (2014). The effects of behavioral skills training on instructor and learner behavior across responses and skill sets. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35, 541–562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.11.006
- Gagnon, E. (2001). Power cards: Using special interests to motivate children and youth with Asperger Syndrome and autism. AAPC Publishing.
- Gagnon, E., & Myles, B. S. (2016). The Power Card strategy 2: Using special interests to motivate children and youth with autism spectrum disorder. AAPC Publishing.
- Gilliam, J. E. (2006). Gilliam autism rating scale (2nd ed.). PRO-ED.
Gray, C. (1994a). Comic strip conversations: Illustrated interactions that teach conversation skills to students with autism and related disorders. Jenison Public Schools. - Gray, C. (1994b). Social stories. Future Horizons.
- Homlitas, C., Rosales, R., & Candel, L. (2014). A further evaluation of behavioral skills training for implementation of the picture exchange communication system. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 47, 198-203. https://doi.org/10.1002/jaba.99
- Horner, R. H., Carr, E. G., Halle, J., McGee, G., Odom, S., & Wolery, M. (2005). The use of single-subject research to identify evidence-based in special education. Exceptional Children, 71(2), 165-180.
- Kazdin, A. E. (1982). Single-case research designs: Methods for clinical and applied setting. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
- Keeling, K., Smith Myles, B., Gagnon, E., & Simpson, R. L. (2003). Using the Power Card strategy to teach sportsmanship skills to a child with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 18, 105-111. https://doi.org/10.1177/108835760301800204
- Kelley, M. L., Heffer, R. W., Gresham, F. M., & Elliot, S. N. (1989). Development of a modified Treatment Evaluation Inventory. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 11, 235-247. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00960495
- Miles, I. N., & Wilder, A. D. (2009). The effects of behavioral skills on caregiver implementation of guided compliance. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 43, 405-410. https://doi.org/10.1901/jaba.2009.42-405
- National Autism Center (NAC). (2015). Findings and conclusions: National standards project, phase 2. Author.
- Nigro-Bruzzi, D., & Sturmey, P. (2010). The effects of behavioral skills on mand training by staff and unprompted vocal mands by children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 43(4), 757-761. https://doi.org/10.1901/jaba.2010.43-757
- Reimers, T. M., & Wacker, D. P. (1988). Parents’ ratings of the acceptability of behavior treatment recommendations made in outpatient clinic: A preliminary analysis of treatment effectiveness. Behavioral Disorders, 14, 7-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/019874298801400104
- Sam, A., & AFIRM Team. (2015). Social narratives. National Professional Development Center on Autism Spectrum Disorder, FPG Child Development Center, University of North Carolina. AFIRM. http://afirm.fpg.unc.edu/social-narratives.
- Sarokoff, R. A., & Sturmey, P. (2004). The effects of behavioral skills training on staff implementation of discrete trial teaching. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 37, 535-538. https://doi.org/10.1901/jaba.2004.37-535
- Sarokoff, R. A., & Sturmey, P. (2008). The effects of instructions, rehearsal, modeling, and feedback on acquisition and generalization of staff use of discrete trial teaching and student correct responses. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2,125-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2007.04.002
- Scheuermann, B., Webber, J., Boutot, E. A., & Goodwin, M. (2003). Problems with personnel preparation in autism spectrum disorders. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 18(3), 197-206. https://doi.org/10.1177/10883576030180030801
- Simpson, L. R. (2004). Finding effective intervention and personal preparation practices for students with autism spectrum disorders. Exceptional Children, 70(2), 135-144. https://doi.org/10.1177/001440290407000201
- Smith Myles, B., & Aspy, R. (2016). High-functioning autism and difficult moments: Practical solutions for reducing meltdowns. AAPC Publishing.
- Spencer, V., Simpson, C. G., Day, M., & Buster, E. (2008). Using the power card strategy to teach social skills to a child with autism. TEACHING Exceptional Children Plus, 5(1), 2-10.
- Stahmer, A. C., Rieth, S., Lee, E., Reisinger, E. M., Mandell, D. S., & Connell, J. E. (2015). Training teachers to use evidence-based practices for autism: Examining procedural implementation fidelity. Psychology in the Schools, 52(2), 181-195. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.21815
- Wallace, M. D., Doney, J. K., Mintz-Resudek, C. M., & Tarbox, R. S. F. (2004). Training educators to implement functional analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 37, 89-92. https://doi.org/10.1901/jaba.2004.37-89
- Ward-Horner, J., & Sturmey, P. (2012) Component analysis of behavior skills training in functional analysis. Behavioral Interventions, 27, 75-92. https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.1339.